In this case, they are really one in the same.
If, for example, Satoshi is using Photoshop, when he sets the image to
300 ppi, that is the resolution that will be used as the source for the
printer driver to create the raster image. Although in fact, the
printer will sample it at a higher resolution and use many more dots to
reproduce each "pixel" when printed, the end result in terms of the
image resolution will be based upon the ppi resolution selected in the
image software.
There is no need to confuse matters with the fact that Epson, for
instance uses 720 ppi/dpi with their consumer printer drivers to
"sample" the image and then may print in individual color dots of 2880
dpi on the paper to create those colors.
Basically, each ppi is translated into a ppi on the paper via the
printer's drivers.
When I spoke about drug store prints and custom lab prints, those are
really an abstraction, since they are usually not printed in a digital
or dot manner, but instead photographically on silver halide papers, so
we are referring to an apparent resolution if the print were to be tested.
Art