As far as I know, no. Excel's lookups depend on a worksheet being a true 2d
space. However, the sheets of a workbook do not form a true third dimension
as they are unordered so Excel's lookups are very limited in the third
dimension.
...
Downloading and installing Laurent Longre's MOREFUNC.XLL add-in, available from
http://longre.free.fr/english/
provides a function named THREED which could be used to allow 3D ranges as
tables (2nd arguments) in VLOOKUP *IF* the first column in all worksheets were a
single logical lookup column, and all other columns were each a single logical
value column. For example, given
worksheet A
-----------
A 1 10
B 2 20
C 3 30
worksheet B
-----------
X 9 99
Y 8 88
Z 7 77
Then if (pseudoformula) =VLOOKUP("X",'A:B'!A1:C3,3,0) should return 99, then
use THREED as follows.
=VLOOKUP("X",THREED('A:B'!A1:C3),3,0)
As an aside, I remember playing with a spreadsheet over ten years ago called
Qubecalc which was a true 3d spreadsheet. I don't know if it still exists.
Maybe not, but 123, Quattro Pro and Xess for Windows as well as several
Unix/Linux-only spreadsheets such as Applix are true 3D right now. It's also
possible that the spreadsheets in several of the more ambitious shareware
Windows suites are 3D, but I have no first-hand experience with them. The choice
isn't limited to fuzzily recalled decade-old products.