Good question. No website that you visit knows your name, address,
e-mail address or any other information about you personally...unless
you choose to supply that information.
There is, however, some basic information about your computer that a
website needs to know, for example, what browser are you using? what
language? what encryption strength? etc. without which the website
doesn't know how to deal with your computer. The website also has to
know your computer's address on the internet -- that's your computer's
IP address, not your e-mail address -- otherwise it doesn't know where
to send the web page you have requested.
To answer what seems to be your specific concern, you cannot receive
spam simply by visiting a web page.
