On the next reboot keep tapping the F8 key to see if you can access a screen
that has 'Last Known Good Configuration' as an option. Select that to see
if you can access WIndows.
Will has given you one good alternative. Here is another:
From the boot menu, try the "safe mode with command prompt". If it succeeds
in loading, then you can run rstrui.exe from the C:\Windows\system32\restore
folder from the command prompt.
To answer your question: No, you cannot run System Restore without having
Windows loaded. There is no method of invoking it from the Recovery Console
or boot floppy.