Hi Katie,
Check out this site for the equations of Trendlines.
http://j-walk.com/ss///excel/tips/tip101.htm
Here is an example using the equations for 2nd order polynomial.
Say your X data is in A1:A10 and your Y data is in B1:B10
Put these formulae in place
In D1 put =INDEX(LINEST(B1:B10,A1:A10^{1,2}),1)
In E1 put =INDEX(LINEST(B1:B10,A1:A10^{1,2}),1,2)
In F1 put =INDEX(LINEST(B1:B10,A1:A10^{1,2}),1,3)
Now in say D3 put your given X value.
This formula in E3 will then return the corresponding Y value
=(D1*D3^2)+(E1*D3)+F1
this is just the formula that your chart has displayed using the
calculated references. (In the form y = ax^2 + bx + c)
HTH
Martin