There is another section of the error message you are missing out on. Look carefully, read every single word, and you will find it. That part will give us more information. I can't remember what other things I tried for this. If you have a Dell, Dell also has resource tools you can use at the boot up screen. Does your blue screen appear before or after the Windows Splash screen appears? If it appears before, you have either a disk error and need to get a new hard drive, or you have some hardware incompatibility. What were you doing before the error? Did you install anything new? Was there a power outage? If the blue screen appears after the Windows Splash Screen, then the error is with Windows. You could try hooking this up as a slave drive (post if you are interested and don't know what that means) in order to figure out which file is corrupted, but tat may be rather difficult without getting any error messages. You could also try running chkdsk while it's a slave, though I've never personally gotten anything useful out of that. You can also scan for viruses and uninstall any potentionally problematic programs. You can make a boot disk (though, you will have to Google or wait for another poster because I forget how) this way as well, and test it, if you don't know someone else who has the same version of Windows as you (general version; XP, 98, Vista, etc.). Have you checked the BIOS to see if it keeps any kind of log files? Dell is not the only brand that has pre-Windows tools. Hp Vistas even have a complete "factory conditions recovery" option which does not require a disk.
In addition, in case you have one or were not aware of it, an "upgrade" disk actually WILL do a complete install. If you bought the computer, you can also call the manufacturer for the install disks.