No. You need a UDF as well as a formula
Add this function
Function CellColours(rng As Range) As Variant
Dim ary As Variant
Dim cell As Range
Dim i As Long
ReDim ary(1 To rng.Rows.Count)
i = 1
For Each cell In rng
ary(i) = cell.Font.ColorIndex
i = i + 1
Next cell
CellColours = ary
End Function
and then sum like this to sum all red font cells
=SUMPRODUCT(--(CellColours(A1:A10)=3) ,A1:A10)
and simply count all green font cells like
=SUMPRODUCT(--(CellColours(A1:A10)=10))