Carbon black is not a dye; it is a solid pigment which does not dissolve
in water. You are correct that carbon black is cheap and easy to
produce but it is a pigment and cannot typically be used with dyes.
Carbon black is often used in pigment black inks and toners used for
black only printing. For example, Canon's dye ink printers usually have
an extra cartridge which is the 3e series, which is a pigment ink. They
are typically made by taking very finely produced carbon black particles
placed in a medium and adhesive to keep it into suspension. Usually,
these inks sit on surface of the paper (although bond papers are
relatively porous), while dye inks penetrate the paper and with some
papers, enter into a second layer under the surface to protect them. The
pigment inks are often waterproof upon drying and provide high archival
qualities (it doesn't fade since it is primarily carbon).
Anyway, a true neutral black dye ink is usually made from a mixture of
other dye colorants. They often do not fade evenly and may shift color
when exposed to bright light over time.
One way to see the color components of dye black ink is to wet a napkin
or other porous paper and place a drop of ink at one spot. The dyes,
being of different weights, tend to spread at different rates and you
will begin to see a bull's eye of colors surround the original drop.
Some pigment inks will be a mixture of carbon black or other pigments
with dye to make a denser color since carbon black in the density
required to make it opaque may be too thick and clog.
Art
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