USB 1.1 12 Mbps
USB 2.0 480 Mbps
SCSI 40 Mbps
Careful with numbers. First, SCSI can be much faster. Second, USB can
be much slower.
If only one device is hooked up on USB 2.0 the (still theoretical)
speed of 480 Mps is used only by this device, but the moment you chain
devices - or let one USB chip/driver control more than one device -
the speed will be shared. Faster devices can be slowed down, too, by
slower devices.
Consider FireWire, which, IIRC, is rated at 400 Mps. Now, if a scanner
offers both, USB 2.0 and FW, it should be a no-brainer to use USB,
shouldn't it? Well, with some scanners today, like my Minolta SE 5400,
you can test this. I found that FW is actually faster than USB, even
with only one device (the scanner) on the port.
And like SCSI FW offers its speed even with the highest possible
number of devices chained.
Another advantage of SCSI: the connection is safer regarding it
specifications and electronic noise. USB is more sensitive to
interferences.