Thanks for your help John
1.ADS
2.GPO
3.FSMO
4.ZONES
5.RAID
6.TRUST
7.DNS
8.DHCP
9.DFS
10.TERNIMAL SERVICES
11.RDP
1. Active Directory Service
----------------------------
A Microsoft active directory, in simple terms, is like a giant telephone
book that organizes within it all of the computers and people that have been
entered into it. In our case our active directory is called ADS (for Active
Directory Service). Unlike a telephone book however ADS is not sorted
alphabetically, but rather like the yellow pages by category, in our case by
department. This allows us to mimic the universities administrative structure
for Academic Support departments.
Administrators use an active directory to apply policies to objects
(computers and users), put people into security groups (to allow and deny
access to resources), and to better keep track of things in groups (called
Organizational Units). Clients can make use of an active directory to look up
names, phone numbers and any number of other attributes allowed by
administrators.
ADS is more than this though. It is the central authentication domain used
by Quest and to log onto Academic Support computers, to name a few. It is
synchronized regularly with UWdir. Many corporate resources authenticate
against ADS and it makes our lives easier by giving us one central place to
maintain these accounts.
2.Group Policy Object (GPO) is a collection of settings that define what a
system will look like and how it will behave for a defined group of users.
Microsoft provides a program snap-in that allows you to use the Group Policy
Microsoft Management Console (MMC). The selections result in a Group Policy
Object. The GPO is associated with selected Active Directory containers, such
as sites, domains, or organizational units (OUs). The MMC allows you to
create a GPO that defines registry-based polices, security options, software
installation and maintenance options, scripts options, and folder redirection
options.
3.Flexible single master operation (FSMO, F is sometimes floating ;
pronounced Fiz-mo), or just single master operation or operations master, is
a feature of Microsoft's Active Directory (AD). Recently, as of 2005, the
term FSMO has been deprecated in favour of operations masters.
FSMOs are specialised domain controller (DC) tasks, used where standard data
transfer and update methods are inadequate. AD normally relies on multiple
peer DCs, each with a copy of the AD database, being synchronised by
multi-master replication. The tasks which are not suited to multi-master
replication, and are viable only with a single-master database, are the FSMOs.
4.Zones
Domain Name System (DNS) servers save all resource records in a special file
called a zone file. This is a plain-text file that can be edited with any
text editor. In Windows 2000 these files are usually located in the
%systemroot%\system32\dns directory and have a .dns extension.
Windows 2000 DNS zones that store records in these text files are called
standard primary and standard secondary zones. The third zone type supported
in Windows 2000 Active Directory (AD) is an integrated zone. The records of
these zones are not saved in text files anymore, but rather, are saved as
objects in Active Directory.
Another advantage of AD integrated zones is security. You can now turn on
Secured Dynamic Updates and thus allow only authorized clients to update
records in DNS. In addition, every resource record gets an ACL similar to ACL
files on NTFS partitions.
AD integrated zones aren't perfect, though. The biggest disadvantage can be
performance degradation. Because all data is in AD, you can expect the rate
of dynamic updates to decrease by a factor of two.
5.RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
Redundant Array of Independent (or Inexpensive) Disks, a category of disk
drives that employ two or more drives in combination for fault tolerance and
performance. RAID disk drives are used frequently on servers but aren't
generally necessary for personal computers.
There are number of different RAID levels:
Level 0 -- Striped Disk Array without Fault Tolerance: Provides data
striping (spreading out blocks of each file across multiple disk drives) but
no redundancy. This improves performance but does not deliver fault
tolerance. If one drive fails then all data in the array is lost.
Level 1 -- Mirroring and Duplexing: Provides disk mirroring. Level 1
provides twice the read transaction rate of single disks and the same write
transaction rate as single disks.
Level 2 -- Error-Correcting Coding: Not a typical implementation and rarely
used, Level 2 stripes data at the bit level rather than the block level.
Level 3 -- Bit-Interleaved Parity: Provides byte-level striping with a
dedicated parity disk. Level 3, which cannot service simultaneous multiple
requests, also is rarely used.
Level 4 -- Dedicated Parity Drive: A commonly used implementation of RAID,
Level 4 provides block-level striping (like Level 0) with a parity disk. If a
data disk fails, the parity data is used to create a replacement disk. A
disadvantage to Level 4 is that the parity disk can create write bottlenecks.
Level 5 -- Block Interleaved Distributed Parity: Provides data striping at
the byte level and also stripe error correction information. This results in
excellent performance and good fault tolerance. Level 5 is one of the most
popular implementations of RAID.
Level 6 -- Independent Data Disks with Double Parity: Provides block-level
striping with parity data distributed across all disks.
Level 0+1 – A Mirror of Stripes: Not one of the original RAID levels, two
RAID 0 stripes are created, and a RAID 1 mirror is created over them. Used
for both replicating and sharing data among disks.
Level 10 – A Stripe of Mirrors: Not one of the original RAID levels,
multiple RAID 1 mirrors are created, and a RAID 0 stripe is created over
these.
Level 7: A trademark of Storage Computer Corporation that adds caching to
Levels 3 or 4.
RAID S: EMC Corporation's proprietary striped parity RAID system used in its
Symmetrix storage systems.
6. TRUST
When you establish a trust relationship between two domains, users in one
domain can obtain access to resources that are located in another trusted
domain
Create a Two-Way Trust
To create a two-way trust between a Windows 2000 domain and the Windows NT
4.0 domain: 1. On the Windows 2000 domain controller (DC), click Start, point
to Programs, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Active Directory
Domains and Trusts. Right-click the appropriate domain name, click
Properties, and then click the Trusts tab.
2. Under Domains that trust this domain, click Add.
3. In Trusting Domain, type NTDOMAIN, and then type a password. Note that
the password must meet the minimum password requirements for the trusting
domain.
4. On the Windows NT 4.0 primary DC (PDC), start User Manager For Domains.
Open Policies, and then open Trust Relationships. Under Trusting Domain,
click Add.
5. In Trusting Domain, type W2KDOMAIN, and then type the appropriate
password.
6. On the Windows 2000-based computer, under Domains trusted by this domain
on the Trust tab, click Add, type NTDOMAIN and the appropriate password. You
should receive an informational message that states "The trusted domain has
been added and the trust has been verified."
7. On the Windows NT 4.0 PDC, add the W2KDOMAIN domain as a trusted domain,
and type the appropriate password. You should receive an informational
message that states "Trust Relationship with W2KDOMAIN successfully
established." The two-way trust has been established.
7.DNS (Domain Name System)
Domain Name System (or Service or Server), an Internet service that
translates domain names into IP addresses. Because domain names are
alphabetic, they're easier to remember. The Internet however, is really based
on IP addresses. Every time you use a domain name, therefore, a DNS service
must translate the name into the corresponding IP address. For example, the
domain name
www.example.com might translate to 198.105.232.4.
The DNS system is, in fact, its own network. If one DNS server doesn't know
how to translate a particular domain name, it asks another one, and so on,
until the correct IP address is returned.
8. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, a protocol for assigning dynamic IP
addresses to devices on a network. With dynamic addressing, a device can have
a different IP address every time it connects to the network. In some
systems, the device's IP address can even change while it is still connected.
DHCP also supports a mix of static and dynamic IP addresses.
Dynamic addressing simplifies network administration because the software
keeps track of IP addresses rather than requiring an administrator to manage
the task. This means that a new computer can be added to a network without
the hassle of manually assigning it a unique IP address. Many ISPs use
dynamic IP addressing for dial-up users.
9. DFS (Distributed File System)
Distributed File System, or DFS, is a set of client and server services that
allow a large enterprise to organize many distributed SMB file shares into a
distributed file system. DFS provides location transparency and redundancy to
improve data availability in the face of failure or heavy load by allowing
shares in multiple different locations to be logically grouped under one
folder, or DFS root.
The Distributed File System (DFS) technologies in Windows Server 2003 R2
offer wide area network (WAN)-friendly replication as well as simplified,
fault-tolerant access to geographically dispersed files. The two technologies
in DFS are as follows:
DFS Replication. New state-based, multimaster replication engine that is
optimized for WAN environments. DFS Replication supports replication
scheduling, bandwidth throttling, and a new byte-level compression algorithm
known as remote differential compression (RDC).
DFS Namespaces. Technology that helps administrators group shared folders
located on different servers and present them to users as a virtual tree of
folders known as a namespace. DFS Namespaces was formerly known as
Distributed File System in Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003.
10. (Terminal Services ) is a component of Microsoft Windows (both server
and client versions) that allows a user to access applications and data on a
remote computer over a network. Terminal Services is Microsoft's
implementation of thin-client terminal server computing, where Windows
applications, or even the entire desktop of the computer running terminal
services, are made accessible from a remote client machine. The client can
either be a fully-fledged computer, running any operating system as long as
the terminal services protocol is supported, or a bare-bones machine powerful
enough to support the protocol (such as Windows FLP). With terminal services,
only the user interface of an application is presented at the client.
11. RDP
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is a multi-channel protocol that allows a user
to connect to a computer running Microsoft Terminal Services. Clients exist
for most versions of Windows (including handheld versions), and other
operating systems such as Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris and Mac OS X. The server
listens by default on TCP port 3389.[1] Microsoft refers to the official RDP
client software as either Remote Desktop Connection (RDC) or Terminal
Services Client (TSC).
John John said:
Alternate Dental Services. Not all customers are 100% satisfied.
Gently Persuasive Offer. The last offer you get before getting the one
you can't refuse. Often used in conjunction with ADS.
Freshly Strewn Manure Odor. Something every country boy smells in early
spring when the fields are fertilized. In a person's business, as well
as personal dealings, certain things that sometimes happen can also
leave a FSMO.
Zany Overpriced Never Ending Sessions. The mainstay of psychiatry.
Random Assortment (of) Ineffective Devices. Every household or workshop
has at least one drawer full of these.
A condition that leads otherwise normally smart people to believe
anything that complete strangers tell them. When a complete stranger
uses the word "trust" in a conversation with you it is a sign that you
are about to be taken for a ride, you should run as far away from the
person as fast as you can. Not to be confused with love (or lust) which
sometimes also causes people to believe anything that they are told.
Do Not Sit. The precursor to the "Wet Paint" sign. In the Victorian
era in London, England, when park employees painted park benches they
affixed DNS signs to the freshly painted benches. Few Londoners and
nary a foreigner knew the meaning of the DNS sign and in 1846 while on a
visit to London, an incident involving King Oscar I of Sweden nearly led
to an international incident and the Corporation of London enacted a
permanent ban on the use of DNS signs.
Double Header Chicken Plucker. Plucks twice as many chickens in half as
much time as single header pluckers.
Double Fault Syndrome. A medical condition that causes klutz to make
the same mistake twice.
